World+War+1

World War 1

-Who is the random citizen who shot the woman in the car? Was the woman shot? -murder -dead woman -surprised guy with the woman -sketchy driver -car purposely stopped. - a random hand -people surrounding. - This picture is showing how violent times during the World War 1 got. Everything was planned, and you cant surround yourself with people that can't be trusted.
 * 1. Ask a question:** Did the driver have a pact with the murder?
 * 2. What clues do you get from the picture:**
 * 3. What message is the picture sending?**

Eyewitness Views of Assassination:

[|Wintnesses to the assasination of the archduke]

-What I learned from these eyewitnesses is that the murder was a 19 year old and the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand in 1914 triggered World War 1, World War 2, and The Cold War. All this because Gavrilo Princip, the murderer thought that his death would leave him and his people free of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The only reason why he escaped the death sentence was because he was under the age of 21. Sofia who was shot in the abdomen was pregnant and she died instantly and Ferdinand was shot close to the heart. Name: ___Gabriela De Andrade__ __Block:__ _1 Date: ___12/26/12____
 * What did you learn from these eyewitnesses**?
 * Time Line Activity**

Time Line Activity

Directions:
 * **Use the Time line on pages 378-9 to complete this activity**

The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand in Saravejo. From 1914 to 1918.
 * 1) Which event are considered to be the “spark to WWI”?
 * 1) How long did WWI Last?

The sinking of Lusitania, or the Zimmerman note.
 * 1) What event precipitated the involvement of the United States and when did it occur?

Revolution of 1917 ended the rule of the czar. Russia pulled out of WWI It changed the government. Force was used to give up parts of the land in exchange for peace.
 * 1) How did the event in Russian 1917 change the role of Russian the war? – Bolshevik

-panama canal opens-first __Pulitzer__ Prizes awarded-Poland is created [|CAuses of WWI] World war gave us many things like flame throwers, steel helmets, the use of tanks. There were over 2000 tanks in England, French has over 3000, German had 20 and the U.S had less than 100. The war also gave us the first fleet of planes, air craft carriers but not everything that was accomplish by the war was indeed good. The first chemical warfare happened during WWI, this led to gas masks and guard dogs, and also __x-ray machines__ because people were hurt. In a step towards the future women were in listed, and IQ tests were given to the military soldiers. This war was called the war to end all wars.
 * 1) What comment could you make on the world events that occurred during WWI?
 * Video Summary.**

1. The Allied Powers were Great Britain, Russia, France, Romania, Serbia, Greece, Italy, and Portugal. 2. The Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire. 3. The Western Front begins at the top of France and ends where the top of Switzerland borders with France. 4. The Eastern Front stretches from the top of Russia down through Romania. 5. The neutral states were between France and Germany. If France or Germany wanted to advance into the others country, they would have to go through the neutral states
 * Map Activity **
 * || [[image:mrshealy-usii/WWI_Map.JPG caption="WWI- 1914-1917 Before US Enters"]] ||
 * WWI- 1914-1917 Before US Enters ||  ||



Opener: What would it take to make you enlist to fight in a war?
 * Opener on Quotes**

-In my opinion, I would not enlist to fight in a war, ever. I love America but I am completely against violence, and I have a lot of respect for those, men and women who do go to war, but it is not something I would do. As we study war after war, I started noticing that there is really no reason to be in war. Countries and politicians just need to stop being so selfish and nationalistic and start thinking of how they are hurting other people. There is absolutely no reason why countries cannot come to an agreement on something, and everything they go to war for is either power, money, or territory. Nothing more than that, so I wouldn’t waste my time serving my country, when I believe in world peace, because if I ever went to war and hurt anybody I would probably be paranoid and feel guilty for life. Even if I ever wanted to go, I probably would never have the guts too. They’d probably need to give me millions of dollar, a new car, pay for my college. Basically bribe me into going, and if I did it would be the marines, I feel like it is less dangerous.

Analyze the following quotes:

Quote #1: On Monday evening, August 3, 1914, Vera Britain, a young English woman, wrote in her diary: “Today has been far too exciting to enable me to feel at all like sleep— in fact it is one of the most thrilling I have ever lived through, though without doubt there are many more to come. That which has been so long anticipated by some and scoffed at by others has come to pass at last. . . . .”

-I believe that this woman is talking about serving her country, and being at war. When the vote passed that they could go to war, she was actually excited to be there.

Quote #2: “Yes, the women will do it. They don’t feel as men do about war. they are the mothers of the race. Men think of the economic results, women think of the grief and the pain.” // Aletta Jacobs, 1st female doctor in the Netherlands //

-Again, like most men, the stereotyping of woman. Here he is basically saying that woman don’t go to war, and don’t serve their country because they’re worried about the economic results, they’re more sensitive. However, many men would be surprised on how women feel towards war and politics.


 * Section 2 **

[|Photo gallery of Trench Warfare] In **paragraph** __form__, describe your impressions of trench warfare (based on what you saw) Life for these men in the trenches seemed to be very difficult and disturbing. There was nothing to protect them from harsh weather and animals. The land was not flat, it was full of little hills, which probably made them get hurt and twist ankles alot if they werent careful. The Germans made trenches and shell proof bunkers, and this is where they stayed during the night, however it was extremely small and they probably couldn't even move in there. Places where they "had protection" was open with nothing really to protect them unless they laid on the floor. The area was unsafe. First day of the Battle of Somme British army had 60,000 casualties. By the end there were 420,000 killed. What the Germans used for protection has been preserved with concrete, it is actually better than what the British Army used for protection. First successful use of tanks was during the World War 1. Mines, trenches, buildings, and tunnels were exploded fighting for the Butte de Vauquois. The trenches were the Germans and British fought were extremely close, 200 yards.There were communication trenches that transported men and supplies. The living conditions for these men were miserable, dirt and diseases took over. My impressions of the Trench Warfare make me think what made these men want to enlist to fight in war. Like questions that go through my mind is Is there any money that pays for someones life? Did these men think they were made out of iron or something?

Activity: Life in the Trenches Here is a link that describes the life of a soldier in the Trenches:[|Life in the Trenches] As you read it it fill in what you learned and your impressions of the trenches in the document provided: [|Notes on Trench Warfare.doc]



I learned a lot about war by playing this interactive game. There were many weapons that were used against the enemies that were very useful at the time. Gases were one of the most horrific methods of war. Artillery was big guns that depended on the soldiers and what they could physically support. Air reconnaissance was balloons or airplanes that hovered to observe movements and positions. Air combat killed many of their own pilots but they tried their best to shoot as many German planes as possible. Tanks were available after 1916 and they could destroy the enemies barbed wire fences, but they were very few. Infantry each men carried 60 pounds. They have different levels of training some pros other volunteers. Mines involve way to much preparation. So I noticed every time I put together gases infantry and air reconnaissance I passed the level. (:
 * Summary on Interactive World War 1 Game**



-watch video and add notes to battle of Somme, on trenches etc. Many soldiers died on the first day at war.
 * Reflection on the Battle of the Somme**




 * Armenian Massacre **:

Armenian Genocide, also known as the Armenian Holocaust, and by Armenians as the Great Crime was the systematic destruction of the Armenian  population of the Ottoman Empire  during and just after World War I.It was implemented through wholesale massacres  and deportations , with the deportations consisting of forced marches under  conditions designed to lead to the death of the deportees. The total number of resulting Armenian deaths is generally held to have been between 1 million and 1.5 million. [|Armenian Massacre Project] The song is about this guy talking about being lonely. It brings a depressing feeling. Basically he doesn’t like this feeling, and he keeps repeating how this day is so lonely and he owns it, that’s how lonely it is. He talks about someone dying and that he wishes to die with this person. The song is like rock, and he says hes glad he survivied this horrible day in his life. The person who wrote this song was a descendent of someone who lived through the Armenian Genocide. There is a certain guilt of being alive after family members died in the genocide. He says he rather be dead with his family members, than be alive (guilt). The reason why its so lonely is that he is the only one who has to accept the fact that it was a genocide. Comment on the following in your wiki: The Armenians that lived in The Ottoman Empire were considered a different race from Turks, because of religion. The Turks were Islamic and the Armenians were Christians. The Turks had all the power, so this affected the Armenians. The places the Armenians lived in were different, it was segregated, and had poor living conditions. Turkish leaders passed unfair taxes just because they were Christians. They kidnapped Armenians and tried to force them to become Islamic. They also limited the Armenian rights, they couldn’t worship, or testify in court, and couldn’t ride horses or carry weapons. If these rules were broken the punishment would most likely be execution.
 * Background **:
 * Reaction to song lyrics:**
 * Click on the tab: Armenia in the Ottoman Empire**:
 * 1. Treatment of the Armenians before the massacre **

Their intentions in hurting the Armenians were just because they were Christians living in a Muslim empire. The killings were meant to scare the Armenians. The Armenians were getting a lot of political power, jobs, businesses, and money. The sultan was not happy with this factor and he thought all these successes should belong to the Muslims, so the massacre began.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">2. Reasons for the Treatment: **

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Sultan-Abdul Hamid II was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire in the late 1800s. He wanted everyone in the Empire to be Muslim because it was easier to spread the word of the Kuran. So, he burnt down Armenian marketplaces and other businesses and the massacre took place with 100,000 to 300,000 of Armenians.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">3. Hamidian Massacres **

The song is from an Armenian person's point of view. They are reflecting about all the pain and suffering that the Turks caused the Armenians. The lyrics show that the singers want some sort of justice or revenge on the Turks for what they did. They also want the Turkish government to even recognize the fact that it was a genocide and not just an act of war.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">4. Listen to and reflect on "The Armenian Massacre Song" **


 * Click on Tab: Armenia in 1915-1917**:

Armenians went through horrific __treatment__ from the Turks. The Turks took all Armenian men out to the desert. First they took the men in the army. They made them walk the long way to the desert to weaken them. Once they were away from any civilization they were murdered. Next they arrested all other men that were not in the army. They did the same to them, making them walk long distances and then murdering them. Woman were also lead out to remote, desert areas. On their way there they either died of starvation or were tortured and assaulted. Young women were kept alive and forced to marry Turks. Children were kidnapped and forced to convert to Islam. Then they became orphans. Most of the children ended up dying from starvation. Before the Armenians were killed, they were given the choice to die as a Christian or convert to Islam and live. Although they were murdered by the Turks whatever their decision was.
 * Read about what occurred to the Armenians during this time period and view the photos provided
 * **In a paragraph summarize what you learned about the treatment of Armenians during this time period**


 * Summarize what you gained from each of the following subtopics:**

1.5 millions Armenians were deported. Of those 1.5 million Armenians, 600,000 were murdered in the genocide. They genocide ended when the Young Turks Party lost interest in the Armenians and gained interest in World War I. The Armenians didn't have homes to return to so they spread out across the world to find new places to live. While many countries recognized this event as a genocide, there are others that have not, including the United States. Armenians are pushing for all countries to recognize this event as a genocide and for the Turks to take responsibility for it. The Turkish government carried out this genocide in __secrecy__ because the Allies wanted to make sure that the Muslim Turks were not going to kill Christian minorities. That is why their massacres took place in places far away from civilization. They were deported to places far away to cause a delay in anyone else finding out where they were deported to. Turkish officials believed that killing thousands of Armenians was a justifiable reponse to a time of war. Turkey and its allies will not admit to this being a genocide. Armenians hope that if all other countries recognize it as a genocide, then Turkey will take responsibility for it and it will bring restoration for them. Armenians also want the Turks to be forced to pay reparations. Twenty-one countries have recognized this as a genocide. The United States and Turkey are the only two countries that strongly disagree. However 43 out of the 50 states recognize it as a genocide, but President Obama refuses to recognize it because the U.S. and Turkey are strong allies and we depend on them.
 * 1. Armenia after the genocide**
 * 2. Turkey's response**
 * 3. World's response**

**<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Section 4: The War Ends **


 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">** Complete the Who, What, When, Where, and why of the following two events. You may use your text and the internet to complete the activity **:

‍ **<span style="font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif;">The Sinking of the Lusitania: **


Here is a link to an eyewitness history account: [|Sinking the Lusitania.docx]

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**WHO**: Walter Shwieger of the German military (warship U 20 specifically) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**WHAT**: Lusitania was British passenger ship. A torpedo was thrown from the German submarine in a war effort to kill its passengers <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**WHEN**: May 7th, 1915 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**WHERE**: Near the coast of Ireland <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**WHY/SIGNIFICANCE**:This is significant because the outrage at American involvement in the warfare led to the country joining the war against Germany. Cut off supplies to others. Germany wanted to make a statement that they were the stronger military and the most powerful force, but in turn they killed 114 Americans, outraging them.

‍ **<span style="font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif;">The Zimmerman Note: **
==<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 26px;"> ==

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"> [|Zimmerman Note.docx] ==‍ [|copy of actual note.docx]==
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">Here are two links for the Zimmerman Telegram: **

====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**Who:** German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann wrote the Zimmerman Note. US President Woodrow Wilson allowed for this telegram to be under the cover of US diplomatic traffice. Ambassador Johann von Bernstorff received the telegram and forwarded it to Ambassador Heinrich von Eckardt who went to Mexican President Venustiano Carranza with the note. ==== ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**What**: Germany came up with an offer for Mexico that would be to give them back the land they lost to the United States if they made an alliance with Germany and fought agains the US. However Mexico declined Germany's offer because they knew they would not be able to compete with the US's military. ==== ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**When**: Zimmermann sent the coded message to Ambassador Johann von Bernstorff on January 16, 1917. He forwarded it to Ambassador Heinrich von Eckardt in Mexico City. ==== ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**Where**: Germany sent message to US which was sent to Mexico. Germans offered Mexico Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back. ==== ====<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**Why/Significance:** By Mexico rejected Germany's offer because they feared the United State's military showed that the US was a major force in the world at this time. ====

**Here is a link that summarizes US entrance in WWI:here**

 * Watch the video
 * travel through the exhibit

**In Paragraph form summize the role the United States played in World War I**


 * **Type summary into wiki .....or/**
 * **Create word documen **t **entitled US Role in WWI and attach it as a file**

The United States entered the war after Germany had sunk the Lusitania, where 114 Americans were killed. Millions of men left their jobs to take part in the war. Their jobs were replaced by women, including African Americans and Hispanics. Around 350,000 African American men joined the military as well. For the first time women were allowed to join. Many as Yeomen in the navy and in the marines as well. They were also nurses overseas. The American Expeditionary Force first mission was blunting a German offensive at Belleau Wood. At the time the United States had entered World War I, the war was at a stalemate. After nearly 3 years of a stalemate, the American troops were able to help win the war for the Allied Powers in 18 months after they joined the war.

Picture Detective:

Question: Who is that guy sitting on the block and what is his importance? Why is the block melting? Why does Uncle Sam always represent the U.S?

What do you see: -an old man -a block saying “patience with germany” -water all over the floor -a fan -an ice pack -Sam is frustrated, angry.

P.O.V of political cartoonist: I believe this cartoonist was showing how people were fed up with germany. He was trying to show, that guy representing all the people or citizens how they were worn out. United States patience with Germany is runnig thin because of the Sinking of Lucitania, loss of lives, The Zimmerman Telegraph. They also wanted to drag U.S into war.


 * Read the **End of the Fighting** in your book or online text; pages 398-399
 * In a few sentences, **summarize** //**How the fighting came to an end**//?

‍ **A Difficult Peace**

 * Background**:

At the end of the War, each of the major allied powers had a different viewpoint on what should be included in the peace treaty. The French wanted to punish Germany. The United States under the direction of President Wilson wanted a treaty that would promote stability and world peace (Fourteen Points). The British seemed to fall somewhere between the two. Italy, on the other hand wanted to increase it territory.

Activity: > - Germany was forced to give back territory to Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Poland, West Prussia, Upper Silesia, and France. > - German overseas colonies became League of Nation Mandates, city of Danzing became a free city. > - Article 231 forced Germany to take complete responsibility for initiating World War I. Had to pay enormous reparations because French fear German economy would rebound. Had to have less than 100,000 soldiers in army. > - Forbidden to have an air force. > > 2. **Predict how this treaty led to the rise of Hitler and ultimately WWII using evidence from the document** > The reparations, inflation period, and depression seriously weakened the stability of Germany's economy. Personal saving of the middle class were lost and massive unemployment occurred. The chaos with Germany's economy created much social unrest in its society. It was at this time that Hitler stepped in to take power. He offered renewed pride for the Germans, something they had seemed to lost after their defeat in World War I. Desperate for a new leader, Germans rallied behind Hitler and he rose to power. Little did the Germans know what kind of path Hitler would lead the nation of Germany down. >
 * Read the summary of the Treaty of Versailles here:[[image:http://www.wikispaces.com/i/mime/32/application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document.png width="32" height="32" link="http://mastromaurowh.wikispaces.com/file/view/Treaty+of+Versailles.docx"]] [|Treaty of Versailles.docx]1. **List and summarize the major points of the Treaty**


 * Use the following graphic to summarize the costs of WWI: [[file:Costs of WWI.docx]]**

ANIMOTO PROJECT: media type="custom" key="12516494"

REFLECTION/PROCESS PAPER: